Solar prominences, Plate 9, 1872

Solar prominences, Plate 9, 1872. Lithographic colour print issued by Harvard College Observatory in 1876, showing two sketches of solar prominences. Drawn in 1872 by Etienne Leopold Trouvelot (1827-1895), a French artist, these red protuberances on the Sun are normally only visible at totality during a solar eclipse. They can be seen at other times using a spectroscope that is aimed at a tangent to the Sun with its split-jaws partly open. Prominences are massive eruptions of hydrogen gas, often larger than the Earth, which arch away from the surface of the Sun. Associated with its magnetic field, some violent flares called Coronal Mass Ejection can disrupt the Earth's radio communications and produce spectacular aurora displays. ©SSPL/Science Museum