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Codex Bodley, c. 1501-1550 (drawing)

Codex Bodley, c. 1501-1550 (drawing)
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IMAGE number
BDL9030943
Image title
Codex Bodley, c. 1501-1550 (drawing)
Auto-translated text View Original Source
Location
Bodleian Library, Oxford, UK
Medium
drawing on deerskin
Date
1501 AD - 1550 AD (C16th AD)
Image description

Codex Bodley / Codex Ñuu Tnoo', c. first half 16th century. MS. Mex. d.1, p. 3. Obverse. Book I. Starting at top (following from p. 2). Band i (left to right). The son of Lord 10 Movement 'Arrow' and Lady 1 Rabbit 'Shield', Lord 4 Rabbit 'Jaguar That Carries One Alligator in his Breast', married Lady 1 Vulture 'Cloud Jewel', the daughter of Lady 1 Death and Lord 4 Alligator, whose birth was mentioned on p. 1-iii. Three daughters were born to this couple: Lady 5 Reed 'Rain Garment from Monte Albán', Lady 10 Alligator 'War Jewel', and Lady 5 (here 4) Jaguar 'Quetzal Fan'. [The second daughter, Lady 10 Alligator was sent to the Mountain of Pearls, probably Nuu Siya (Tezoatlan), where she married Lord 9 Deer 'Jade Bone, Flute', the son of Lord 7 Movement 'Face of the Earth' and Lady 12 Serpent 'Blood Knife', the rulers of Town of the Red and White Bundle. They had a son: Lord 12 Lizard 'Arrow Feet'. Band ii (right to left). He was to marry his aunt, Lady 5 Jaguar 'Quetzal Fan', the above-mentioned third daughter of Lord 4 Rabbit and Lady 1 Vulture of Monte Albán. This new marital alliance would take the place of the former governmental structure of Monte Albán, the dynasty associated with the sacred date year 1 Rabbit day 1 Rabbit.] Before, the site had been the seat of a dual rulership: Lord 12 Lizard 'Standing Firm on Big Mountain' and Lord 12 Vulture 'Quetzal Feather from Sun Mountain'. They are represented here as a couple, as 'father and mother of the people', seated on the mat of marriage and rulership. They had four 'sons', i.e. they were assisted by four governors. These were called Lord 4 House 'Staff of Strokes', Lord 3 Monkey 'Burner of the Pyramids', Lord 10 Alligator 'Eagle' and Lord 10 Eagle 'Coyote'. Band iii (left to right). They all died in an armed conflict, described as 'the war that came from Heaven', which marked the end of the last remains of the realm of Monte Albán and the political structure of the so-called 'Classic Period' (approximately 200-900 AD). Year 12 Flint day 4 Movement, the day of the 'new sun' or 'new era', was the date of the official funerary solemnity. Lord 4 House and Lord 3 Monkey, who had both been slain in battle, were buried in the Place of Heaven, the mountain near Yuta Tnoho (Apoala), which symbolises the East. The mummy bundle of Lord 10 Eagle was deposited in the River of Ashes, Rio Nejapa, the western boundary of Ñuu Dzaui. The mummy bundle of Lord 10 Alligator was put to rest [in the Split Dark Mountain, near Tepeji, the emblematic site of the North. The remains of Lord 12 Lizard and Lord 12 Vulture theCodex Bodley / Codex Ñuu Tnoo', c. first half 16th century. MSelves were buried in the Temple of Death, a large and important funerary cave in the Mountain of Small Deer, in the region of Ñuu Daya (Chalcatongo), which symbolises the South and stands under the supervision of the Death Goddess Lady 9 Grass, a deity of war. Until the day 12 Eagle or the year 6 Reed, commemorative rituals were celebrated in this Temple of Death. Band iv (right to left). Year 10 House day 1 Grass was the sacred date of Lord 10 House 'Jaguar' and Lady 1 Grass Puma', divine patrons of the Yute Coo, 'Serpent River', near Ñuu Tnoo. From this Primordial Couple descended Lord 3 Eagle 'Eagle from the Serpent Place'. He married Lady 4 Rabbit 'Garment (Virtue) of Death Town'. Her name suggests that she came from the nearby Town of Death, Dzandaya (Mitlatongo).] Lord 3 Eagle and Lord 4 Rabbit had two sons: Lord 9 Wind 'Stone Skull' and Lord 1 Monkey. The latter became the founding father of the Dzandaya (Mitlatongo) dynasty. In front of him is the Skull Mountain, which appears to represent Dzandaya. Several other places follow. Band v (left to right). Both brothers were recognised as local rulers: three priests -Lord 1 Rain, Lord 10 Death 'Cloud' and Lord 4 Dog 'Serpent-Maguey'- offered them fire, quails, and branches. [Lord 9 Wind 'Stone Skull' then married Lady 5 Reed, one of the three princesses of Monte Albán, whose genealogical background is explained on p. 3-i. Together, they became the rulers of Ñuu Tnoo. The year of the marriage was 4 Rabbit (990).]

Photo credit
© Bodleian Libraries, University of Oxford / Bridgeman Images
Image keywords
16th century / culture / colour / drawing / art / civilization / history / manuscript / mythology / precolumbian era / king / royalty / Mexico / North America / America (continent)

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