China: A lady seated with her companions in a pavilion watch a girl dancing. Qing...

Jiao Bingzhen ( Wade-Giles: Chiao Ping-chen) was a native of Jining, Shandong who became a noted painter and astronomer. In painting he is noteworthy as one of the first Qing dynasty painters to be influenced by the West. He was also among the more significant portrait and miniature painters in the early Qing. He was skilled in painting people, landscapes, and buildings. The Western influence in his art came from his exposure to the Jesuits at the Directorate of Astronomy. Their influence also exposed him to new ideas on astronomy and religion. At some point Jiao became a Roman Catholic.