Jupiter's four 'Galilean' moons, 1979

Jupiter's four 'Galilean' moons, 1979. Clockwise from top left: Europa, Callisto, Ganymede and Io, all photographed by NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft. Jupiter has four main moons, which were discovered by Galileo, as well as many smaller ones (47 Jovian moons are currently known). Io, the closest of the four large moons to Jupiter is highly volcanic. Europa, the second closest is a smooth, icy moon believed to have an ocean of liquid water beneath its surface which could possibly harbour life. The two outer large moons are extensively scarred by impact craters, one on Callisto being the largest yet found in the Solar System. Ganymede is the largest planetary satellite in the Solar System, and is larger than the planets Mercury and Pluto. ©SSPL/NASA